Pump-cylinder.



L. J BLACK.

PUMP CYLINDER.

ABPLIUATION FILED JUNE 2', 1913.

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PUMP CYLINDER. APPLICATION 1 1mm mm: 2, 191a. 1,088,520. I Patented Feb. 24,1914

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

mwto o k Wilma-mo Lee Blue annua LEE J'. BLACK, OF BEAUMONT, TEXAS.

PUMP-CYLINDER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

Application filed June 2, 1913. Serial No. 771,246.

which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to pumps, and more especially to the cylinders thereof; and the object of the same is to provide a liner for removable insertion into the bore of the cylinder of a pump, sothat the liner may be removed and replaced when it becomes worn.

A further object is to provide improved means for holding said liner detachably in place.

These and other objects are carried out by the constructions hereinafter more fully described and claimed and shown in the drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a side elevation of this pump complete, with the cylinder in section at one end and one head omit-ted, this view showing one form of my improved fastening devices "for the liner. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the liner shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a perspective detail of the gland ring. Fig. 4 is a section through a cylinder and its liner, showing another form of my fas- --tening devices for the latter.

side elevation of the liner used in this form. Fig. 6 is across section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4 and, Fig. 7 is a cross section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 5.

In the form of my invention on the first sheet of drawings is shown a pump whose details need not be elaborated, as we are interested only in the cylinder G within which reciprocates a piston P. One head of the pump is omitted and that end of the cylinder broken away and in section to show the internal construction. When these elements are part of a pump, and especially where said pump acts on water containing more or less sand, the periphery of the piston and the bore of the cylinder soon Wear so that there is considerable leakage. i

By the present invention I provide the exterior of the piston P with packing rings R which can be expanded by any suitable means to take up as much wear as possible. but I provide a liner forming the gist of Fig. 5 is a' desired.

this invention which is removably inserted into the bore of the cylinder and held therein by peculiar means, and when the wear and the leakage become so excessive that it is impossible to adjust the rings R sufficiently, this liner is replaced by another. Both the cylinder and the liner are of the proper dimensions, especially as to thick ness, although these matters will be dependent to an extent on the use of the parts. If it be the cylinder of a pump as suggested above, there will doubtless not be excessive pressure, and in that case the wall of the cylinder need not be very thick. On this assumption it is quite possible that both the cylinder and its liner could be made of rough iron castings, and the bore of the liner drilled, turned, and finely machined to an exact cylindrical form and so that its inner wall will be'smooth. On' the assumption also that the device is part. of a pump, we

'may avoid reference to and description of the valves because the latter may be in the heads which are not lustrated in the drawings although of course they will be secured at the extremities of the liner and probably packed to prevent leakage.

Coming now to the detai as illustrated on Sheet 1 of the drawings, the cylinder C carries on its inner face one element 1 of the fastening devices which hold the liner 2 detachably therein by en-- gaging the other element 3 on the exterior of said liner. In this case the element 1. is a single male thread and the element 3 is a groove which constitutesa single female thread adapted to be engaged by said thread 1 within the cylinder. Both threads are formed on or in ribs which by preference are cast within the cylinder wall and on the exterior of the liner wall. I speak of one thread and one groove because I prefer to use but one, although there may be'more if The rib on the liner is of a size to fit rather closely within the bore of the cylinder as shown in Fig. 1 and at one end it has aflat annular shoulder 4 which faces toward the contiguous end of the cylinder and liner. By preference I employ rings of packing R around the liner and between it and the cylinder, and if they are usedthese rings are inserted into this space against the shoulder 4 and are compressed by any suitable form'of gland. The latter as shown in Fig. 3 com rises a ring 5 of a size to pass between the liner and the cylinder, its inner ls of my invent-ion edge 6 being beveled if the shape of the rings of packing R requires, and its flange 7 having eyes 8 engaged :by screws 9 embedded in the end of the cylinder and nuts 10' on the screws as illustrated. If the packing rings and their fastenin tightening up on the nuts bears the gland against the rings and the latter against the shoulder 4 so that the engaging threads. 1 and dare strained into film contact. The presence of the rings prevents any water or foreign matter from getting into the space between the liner and the cylinder wall, but their special function is to center the liner along the true axis of the cylinder because the threads constituting the elements of the fastening devices will probably be cast within the wall of the cylinder and upon the wall of the liner and therefore will need to be rather scant so that they will engage each other without having to'be treated by machinery. Practically the only service performed by these fastening devices is to prevent the dislodgment of the liner' within the cylinder, due to the reciprocatory action of the piston, and I do not apprehend that there will be any great tendency for the liner t'o-move laterally in any direction or to r0- tate within the cylinder. It may be that I shall duplicate the threads near the other end of the cylinder, and this is not illustrated in Fig. 2 and only suggested by the dotted'lines in Fig. 1, but their use would be more for the purpose of holding that end of the liner centered within the cylinder than because a second pair of threads was necessary, as it is obvious that one pair will hold the arts with suflicient firmness especially if the packing rings are employed. OnSheet 2 of the drawings the ,llner 2 disposed within the cylinderC is centered and held thereinby fastening devices which are slightly different in detail construction although the same in effect. The rib 1 within the cylinder 0 is here strictly annular but is divided into two sections or lugs as best seen in Fig. 6, each extending for about one-quarter the distance around the cylinder, and the rib 3' on the exterior of the liner is also truly annular and is divided into two lugs also each extending for about onequarter around the liner so that they may be passed through the spaces between the ends of the two lugs 1 of the rib in the cylinder. As thus far described the construction is much the same as that shown on Sheet 1 of the drawings, for the liner is inserted axially within the cylinder, its ribs 3 pass between the ribs 1 in the cylinder, and the liner .then given a quarter revolution so as to interengage the fastening devices on the two elements by a quarter twist of the one that is movable. As the equivalent of the shoulder 4 in the other construction against which the rings of packing R are pressed,

-means are employed,v

in this construction I preferably provide the liner with an annular shoulder! s aced a little beyond its ribs 3 sot-hat, the ribs 1" may stand betwee'n'them as seen in Fig. 4. In said View the interior or here of the cylinder C is shown slightly enlarged at its front end as at "C", and the shoulder 4 wider than the ribs 1 and extending into said enlarged portion of the cylinder; and said ribs are shown as formed at the juncture between the bore of the cylinder and the enlargement C thereof, although this detail of construct-ion is not absolutely necessary. When so made, it is impossible to press the liner too far into the bore of the cylinder because its shoulder. strikes that formed by the reduced port-ion of the cylinder wall.

I have purposely omitted in Fig. 4 the rings R illustrated in Fig. 1, although they may be employed or not and with either construction, as desired, but if used they will accurately center the liner within the cylinder as explained above. I speak of two lugs on the liner and two lugs in-the cylinder,

each lug or rib passing-one quarter around the element on whichit is formed; but it is obvious that there may be a greater number without departing from the spirit of the invention. 4 1

As suggested with respect to theconstruction shown on Sheet 1, the fastening device illustrated at the left of Fig. 4 may be repeated at the right end although I have made use of this view an of Fig. 5 to show slightly different means for centering this end, which is the feed end of a pump, within the cylinder. On the exterior of the liner near this end I form a pair of ribs or lugs 12 whose length will be the same as or less than that of .the ribs 3 and whose thickness radially of the liner the same or less as well, and I dispose the ribs 12 directly opinserted the smaller ribs pass through the spaces between the ends of the ribs 1 with in the cylinder. On the inside of the cylinder at this end I form a bead or annular bearing 13. I speak of an annular bearing because this may extend all the way around the cylinder or it'might be broken at intervals as desired, Its thickness is sufiicient to complement that of the ribs 12 so as to space the liner-from the bore of the cylinder at this end the same as it is spaced at the remote end'excepting for the enlarged portion C" thereof. With this form of my invention, a stop or projection 14 ma be formed on or carried by the wall 0 the cylinder at'a proper point to be struck by one of the ribs3 on theliner when the latter has been rotated to a suflicient extent to look its ribs behind the ribs 1'; with the construction shown on Sheet 1 such a stop 1 is not necessary because the forward end of the rib or male thread 1 will strike the extremity of the rib or female thread (groove) 3 at the proper moment.

Any suitable means may be used for inserting and removing the liner, but as perhaps the simplest I provide one end with oppositely disposed holes 11 into which a suitable tool such as a spannerwrench or even a plain bar may be inserted, and the tool then given a twist in the proper direction to fasten the liner into place or to unfastcn it. In putting in the liner it is fastened in position before the packing rings and gland are applied; and in removing it, the gland and rings are obviously withdrawn first, whether they be at one end or both ends of the liner.

I have not considered it necessary to amplify the ports and valves which convert this pump cylinder into-a pump, and, as above suggested, I do not care to be limited to the details of the piston. The sizes and materials of parts are also not essential.

Vhat is claimed as new is:

1. The combination with a pump cylinder having an element within its bore near one end thereof; of a liner for said cylinder having an external element near one end adapted to engage that in the cylinder, rings one end thereof; of a liner for said cylinder near'one end of the latter, centering ele-- ments on the same faces near the other end of the;- liner, packing between the cylinder and liner and located between the firstnamed end of the liner and said fastening devices, and means for pressing said packing toward said devices.

4:. The, combination with a pump cylinder, and a removable liner therefor; of interengaging fastening devices on the inner face of the cylinder and the outer face of the liner near one end of the latter, the devices on the liner including a shoulder, packing between said members'beyond said devices and resting against said shoulder, and a gland nut secured to the cylinder and bearing against the outermost ring.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Y LEE J. BLACK.

Witnesses:

JOHN Lrrn BAKER,

' CHAS. TILLMAN WILL. 

